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Taiwan, officially the Republic of China (ROC), is a country in East Asia comprising primarily the island of Taiwan, formerly known as Formosa, which has an area of 35,808 km2 (13,826 sq mi) and makes up 99% of the land under ROC control. It lies about 180 km (112 mi) across the Taiwan Strait from the southeastern coast of mainland China's Fujian Province. The East China Sea is to the north of the island, the Philippine Sea to its east, the Luzon Strait directly to its south, and the South China Sea to its southwest. The ROC also controls a number of smaller islands, including the Penghu archipelago in the Taiwan Strait, Kinmen and Matsu in Fuchien near the mainland coast, as well as Pratas and Taiping in the South China Sea.

Formosa is known for its lush greenery, stunning waterfalls, and wildlife. The province is home to several national parks that are perfect for nature lovers. One of the most popular parks is the Pilcomayo National Park, which is home to a variety of animal species, including jaguars, pumas, and anteaters. The park is also a birdwatcher's paradise, with over 300 species of birds.

If you're interested in history and culture, then Formosa won't disappoint. The province has a rich indigenous history, and there are several museums and cultural centers that offer an insight into the local culture. The Indigenous Museum is a must-visit, showcasing the history, traditions, and art of the indigenous people of Formosa.